December 13, 2023

A First-Ever Construction Permit Received by Kairos Power

Kairos Power is the recipient of the first ever Nuclear Regulatory Commission-approved Construction Permit Application (CPA) for a Gen IV (non-light water) Reactor Design.  Kairos is now able to commence building the Hermes molten salt-cooled demonstration reactor in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, the first advanced nuclear design approved for construction in the US in more than 50 years.

According to World Nuclear News, Kairos has been in pre-application engagement with the NRC since 2018 and submitted the CPA in late 2021 and had it accepted by the NRC in November 2021. In October, the NRC held a mandatory hearing for the CPA, with senior Kairos officials in attendance (in a publicly available meeting that any interested party can attend via Zoom) which received unanimous support from the Commissioners, not least because, under Dr. Per Peterson, the company has done an amazing job of planning a series of iterative builds, which sequentially and increasingly de-risk the design.


The NRC in action at Kairos' mandatory meeting. Image courtesy of Nucleation Capital.

Kairos in attendance at the NRC meeting. Image courtsey of Nucleation Capital

According to World Nuclear News, Kairos has been in pre-application engagement with the NRC since 2018 and submitted the CPA in late 2021 and had it accepted by the NRC in November 2021. In October, the NRC held a mandatory hearing for the CPA, with senior Kairos officials in attendance (in a publicly available meeting that any interested party can attend via Zoom) which received unanimous support from the Commissioners, not least because, under Dr. Per Peterson, the company has done an amazing job of planning a series of iterative builds, which sequentially and increasingly de-risk the design.

Hermes is the first step in this graduated process and is anticipated to be a 35 MW (thermal) non-power iteration of the future fluoride salt-cooled high temperature reactor, the KP-HFR. Kairos also have a CPA pending for its next iteration, called Hermes 2, which is expected to be a 2-unit demonstration plant that, after learnings have been incorporated, would replicate the complete architecture of the future commercial plants, which the company expects to start building in the early 2030s.

According to Katy Huff, the US Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, the NRC's approval is a "huge milestone" for the energy sector and, we'll add, for our ability to address climate change.  If nothing else, the NRC is showing that it is serious about providing a path forward for Gen IV reactors.

Read more at the World Nuclear News in "NRC approves Hermes construction permit," December 13, 2023.

Learn more about Kairos Power at the company's website and at Atomic Insights, our companion blog and podcast series, where Rod Adams interviews Per Peterson, the Chief Nuclear Officer of Kairos in Atomic Show #288 – Per Peterson, CNO, Kairos Power.

December 11, 2023

States are Lifting Bans on Nuclear

Illinois became the most recent U.S. state to lift a prior moratorium on building new nuclear power plants but it isn't the only state to do so.  Illinois joins West Virginia, Connecticut, Wyoming, Montana, Kentucky and Wisconsin in modifying or eliminating prior restrictions in building new nuclear power plant in state, reducing to ten the number of states which still ban new nuclear construction.

After a three-decade moratorium, Gov. J.B. Pritzker signed HB 2473, legislation passed by overwhelming bipartisan majorities in the Illinois legislature, to allow development of advanced nuclear reactors in the state.

Beginning in 2026, Illinois will allow smaller nuclear reactors—defined as those producing less than 300 megawatts of power—to be built to contribute to the state's ability to increase its generation of carbon-free power and remain a leader in the energy sector.

The legislation which goes into effect on June 1, 2024, calls for a feasibility study on the risks of new nuclear and puts the Illinois Emergency Management Agency Office of Homeland Security in charge of establishing rules reactor decommissioning, monitoring and emergency preparedness related to such projects, in consultation with the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency.

In the words of the bill's sponsors, HB 2473 "will ensure that that [Illinois] can remain a leader in the energy sector by offering us the ability to utilize the amazing advancements in new nuclear energy technology. Lifting [Illinois'] archaic moratorium on new nuclear energy construction will open the door for companies that have been developing new advanced nuclear energy technology the opportunity to invest in Illinois.”

According to the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), although twelve states had some form of restriction on the construction of new nuclear power facilities as of the end of September 2023, six states have recently modified or repealed those bans, now including Illinois, West Virginia, Connecticut, Montana, Kentucky and Wisconsin.

[Update: By a vote of 34-0 (with coalfield senators joining in support), the Kentucky Senate passed Senate Bill 198 to establish the Kentucky Nuclear Energy Development Authority, create a nuclear energy ecosystem, and identify the best sites for nuclear. The bill goes to the house next, where it is expected to pass easily with the current Republican supermajority.]

Matthew Wald, writing in the May 25th, 2023 Build Nuclear Now Campaign newsletter wrote that "Illinois gets more than half its electricity from nuclear power, and it produces more electricity from nuclear reactors than any other state—about one-eighth of the national total. . . . The state has numerous industries that could decarbonize using nuclear electricity or heat."  Previously, Governor Pritzker helped to protect several of Illinois' fleet of 11 nuclear reactors from premature closure, protecting Illinois' lead as the state with the most clean energy generation.

See: the Associated Press, "Pritzker signs law lifting moratorium on nuclear reactors," published Dec. 8, 2023.

Read more at the Nuclear Newswire, "Illinois lifts ban on some new nuclear construction," December 1, 2023.

Learn more about State Restrictions on New Nuclear  Power Facility Construction at the National Conference of State Legislatures, updated September 28, 2023.

See: US News & World Report, "Bill Supporting Development of Nuclear Energy Wins Passage in Kentucky Senate," Feb. 26, 2024.

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